medium · Enhanced ACT science
A car is tested for stopping distance on a dry road at several speeds: 20 km/h, 4 m; 40 km/h, 16 m; 60 km/h, 36 m; 80 km/h, 64 m. A student claims stopping distance is proportional to the square of the speed.
If the pattern in the data holds, what stopping distance should be predicted at 100 km/h?
- About 80 m, because each step in the pattern seen between the last two entries repeats unchanged
- About 200 m, by simply doubling the distance recorded at the 80 km/h test speed
- About 120 m, by adding a fixed increment of 56 m onto the 80 km/h stopping value
- About 100 m, because each 20 km/h step adds the previous gap plus an extra increment
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