medium · Enhanced ACT science
Two scientists debate a lake's fish decline. Scientist 1 claims warming water is the cause: as temperature rises, dissolved oxygen falls and fish suffer. Scientist 2 claims fertilizer runoff is the cause: nutrients fuel algae that consume oxygen at night. Monitoring shows dissolved oxygen is LOWEST at dawn in summer and that oxygen drops sharply only in the weeks following heavy rain on nearby farms.
Which finding most directly supports Scientist 2 over Scientist 1?
- Dissolved oxygen is lowest at dawn during the summer
- Oxygen drops sharply only after heavy rain on the farms
- Water temperature rises steadily through the summer months
- Fish populations decline overall during the warm season
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