medium · Enhanced ACT science
A physicist observes the relationship between the distance from a light source (d) and the intensity of light (I). The recorded data is:
| Distance (m) | Intensity (W/m^2) |
| :--- | :--- |
| 1.0 | 120.0 |
| 2.0 | 30.0 |
| 3.0 | 13.3 |
| 4.0 | 7.5 |
Which mathematical model best represents the relationship between I and d?
- The intensity I is inversely proportional to the distance, following the model I propto (1)/(d).
- The intensity I decreases linearly by 37.5 W/m^2 for every 1 meter increase in distance.
- The intensity I follows an exponential decay model where I never reaches a value of zero.
- The intensity I is inversely proportional to the square of the distance, I propto (1)/(d^2).
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