medium · Enhanced ACT science
An experiment measures the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction at different temperatures:
| Temp (^circC) | Rate (units/sec) |
| :--- | :--- |
| 10 | 5 |
| 30 | 25 |
| 50 | 45 |
| 70 | 10 |
Which of the following best explains the sharp decrease in the reaction rate observed at 70^circC?
- The reaction reached a state of chemical equilibrium where the forward and reverse rates are equal.
- The reactant molecules are moving so fast that they no longer collide with the enzyme.
- The high thermal energy caused the enzyme's three-dimensional protein structure to denature.
- The enzyme was consumed as a reactant because the temperature exceeded the activation energy.
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