medium · Debt Capital Markets

In a 'structural subordination' scenario, a holding company (HoldCo) issues debt, but all the firm's assets and cash flows are at the operating subsidiary (OpCo).

How does this affect the HoldCo debt rating?

  1. HoldCo debt is notched up to reflect parent-level oversight
  2. HoldCo debt is rated based on its own separate default probability
  3. HoldCo debt is notched down from the OpCo debt rating
  4. Both HoldCo and OpCo debt receive the same rating

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