hard · Debt Capital Markets

An issuer has two bonds outstanding: a Senior Secured bond at the Operating Company (OpCo) and a Senior Secured bond at the Holding Company (HoldCo). The HoldCo bond is secured by the equity of the OpCo.

In a liquidation, why is the OpCo bond considered senior to the HoldCo bond?

  1. The OpCo bond carries a higher credit rating from the agencies.
  2. The OpCo bond has a direct claim on the physical assets, while the HoldCo bond has a claim only on residual equity value.
  3. The HoldCo bond is contractually subordinated via an intercreditor agreement.
  4. HoldCo bonds are always legally required to be unsecured under the Basel III framework.

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