medium · Debt Capital Markets

A leveraged credit agreement distinguishes between 'Lien Subordination' and 'Payment Subordination'.

What is the critical distinction regarding the recovery of a Second-Lien lender compared to a Senior Unsecured lender?

  1. The Second-Lien lender has a priority claim on specific collateral proceeds over unsecured creditors, even if they are both senior in payment.
  2. The Senior Unsecured lender must be paid in full before the Second-Lien lender can receive any scheduled interest payments.
  3. The recovery rate for the Second-Lien lender is mathematically capped at the recovery rate of the Senior Unsecured lender.
  4. The Second-Lien lender is structurally subordinated to the Senior Unsecured lender if the collateral is held at the parent company level.

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