easy · FRM Part 1 Valuation and Risk Models

According to the Law of One Price, if two portfolios produce identical cash flows in all future states of the world, they must have the same current price.

If they do not, what is the resulting opportunity?

  1. A speculative opportunity, where an investor simply bets on which of the two portfolios will perform better going forward.
  2. A diversification benefit, since the two portfolios likely exhibit a fairly low correlation with each other over the long term.
  3. A hedging opportunity, where a trader uses one of the identical-cash-flow portfolios to offset the market risk exposure of the other.
  4. An arbitrage opportunity, where an investor can buy the cheaper portfolio and sell the more expensive one for a riskless profit.

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