medium · FRM Part 2 Risk & Investment Management

A fund manager claims their high returns come from 'proprietary alpha.' During the ODD process, the analyst discovers the fund's returns load 0.9 on a short-VIX-futures factor. This suggests the fund is primarily earning:

  1. True idiosyncratic alpha generated purely from the manager's proprietary stock-picking and security-selection acumen.
  2. Arbitrage profits that are essentially riskless and structurally non-correlated with any broad market or volatility risk index.
  3. A risk premium for selling volatility (tail risk), which is a 'beta' exposure that should not command 'alpha' fees (2-and-20).
  4. Operational risk gains resulting from a superior trade execution and settlement infrastructure rather than genuine market-based skill.

Sign up free to see the explanation and track your rank →

More FRM Part 2 Risk & Investment Management practice

KomFi: Test Prep Made Easy

KomFi: Test Prep Made Easy — free adaptive practice for GMAT, GRE, SAT, ACT, National Real Estate Exam, Investment Banking, and finance with full explanations.

KomFi Academy is free GMAT prep and personalized GMAT help built as a training platform: 77,800+ practice questions, 26,500+ flashcards, on-demand video lectures, podcasts, and 4K slide decks. Flagship tracks: Free GMAT Prep, Free GMAT Resources, National Real Estate Exam Prep, Investment Banking Prep, Finance Prep, GRE, SAT, ACT, LSAT, MCAT, Financial Accounting, Private Equity, Private Credit, and Quantitative Finance.

Free GMAT Prep & Personalized GMAT Help

What's inside

Topics

View pricing · Read testimonials