easy · LSAT Reading Comprehension
Viral replication is the process by which a virus uses the machinery of a host cell to produce new viral particles. Because viruses are not self-sufficient, they must infect a living cell to reproduce. The cycle begins with attachment, where the virus binds to specific receptors on the host cell's surface. This is followed by entry, where the virus or its genetic material enters the cell. Once inside, the virus takes control of the cell's metabolic processes, forcing it to replicate the viral genome and synthesize viral proteins. These components are then assembled into new virions. Finally, the new viruses are released from the host cell, often by causing the cell to burst, or lyse. These newly formed viruses are then free to infect neighboring cells, repeating the process and spreading the infection throughout the host organism.
What is the final stage of the viral replication cycle described?
- Newly assembled virions departing the host cell, frequently as the cell ruptures.
- The host cell manufacturing viral proteins under the direction of the hijacked genome.
- The virus docking onto receptor sites located on the exterior of the host cell.
- The host cell's own genetic material migrating outward into the waiting virus.
- The complete eradication of the surrounding tissue once the infection has spread.
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