easy · LSAT Reading Comprehension
Through most of the twentieth century, scientists assumed that the architecture of the adult human brain was set once childhood ended, with no capacity to produce additional neurons. The discovery of adult neurogenesis upended that assumption by showing that the mature brain does, in fact, generate new neurons in certain regions. Subsequent work indicated that the human rate of such production is substantially lower than in rodents, and that environmental enrichment and exercise can significantly increase neurogenesis in animal models.
Which one of the following most accurately describes the significance of the discovery of adult neurogenesis as the passage presents it?
- It revealed that neurogenesis proceeds at a markedly higher rate in adult humans than it does in laboratory rodents.
- It established that environment and exercise exert no measurable influence whatever on the rate at which neurons are produced.
- It overturned the entrenched assumption that the adult human brain's structure was fixed and unable to produce new neurons.
- It proved that the brain can fully recover from any injury by spontaneously replacing whatever neurons it happens to lose.
- It confirmed that neurogenesis occurs evenly and continuously throughout every distinct region of the mature adult brain.
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