medium · Order Flow Analysis footprint-delta

In Interest Rate futures like 10-Year Notes (ZN), why are volume numbers often much higher than in Equity Index futures like ES?

  1. The market is deep and highly liquid, with institutions trading thousands of contracts at a single level.
  2. The tick size in ZN is much larger, letting many more contracts stack tightly into a single tick.
  3. There are fewer prices to trade in ZN because the fixed-income range stays narrower than in equities.
  4. Most of the volume seen in ZN is really just retail noise, while ES volume is driven purely by institutional flow.

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