medium · Order Flow Analysis footprint-delta

In the context of Volume-Weighted Average Price (VWAP), how do institutional standard deviation bands (1σ, 2σ) typically influence order flow decisions?

  1. Traders should always buy whenever price merely touches the lower 1-sigma band, regardless of what the footprint signal shows.
  2. Prices reaching 2σ are considered statistically extreme, making order flow reversal signals higher priority for a mean-reversion trade.
  3. The bands act as magnetic price targets that price must touch before any directional imbalance in the order flow can be considered valid.
  4. Institutional algorithms only ever execute their orders when price is located exactly at the VWAP mean line, and never at any other price.

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