medium · Private Equity pe-core

A $200.0 million fund makes three investments: Investment A ($25.0 million profit), Investment B ($45.0 million profit), and Investment C ($15.0 million loss).

Under a whole-fund (European) waterfall, when would the GP receive their first carry distribution?

  1. Only after the cumulative distributions from all deals exceed the total $200.0 million paid-in capital plus the preferred return.
  2. Once the combined profits from A and B outweigh the loss booked on C, irrespective of total invested capital returned.
  3. Immediately upon the profitable exit of Investment A, provided that Investment A alone has already returned its own cost basis.
  4. As soon as Investment B is exited, since cumulative profits then exceed the fund's stated 'dry powder' reserve threshold.

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