medium · Quantitative Finance

An equity desk is hedging a 'binary' (digital) option that pays $1 if the stock is above the strike at expiry.

As the option approaches expiry and the stock is very near the strike, what is the primary risk-management challenge?

  1. Delta and gamma become unboundedly large, making the hedge unstable.
  2. Vega becomes zero, meaning volatility moves no longer affect the price.
  3. Theta becomes positive, causing the option to gain value as time passes.
  4. The option price becomes fixed at $0.50, regardless of stock moves.

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