hard · Quantitative Finance prob-stats

Consider the AR(1) process X_t=φ X_t-1+varepsilon_t with varepsilon_t i.i.d. N(0,σ^2) and |φ|<1, in stationarity. You compute the OLS estimator hatφ from T observations. Which statement about hatφ is correct?

  1. hatφ is biased downward in finite samples (toward zero / its sign), with bias of order -1/T, even though it is consistent and asymptotically normal
  2. hatφ is unbiased for every finite sample size T, because the regression error term is conditionally mean-zero given the entire observed past
  3. hatφ is biased upward in finite samples, overstating persistence, because positive autocorrelation in the residuals reinforces itself across the sample path
  4. hatφ is inconsistent as Tto∞ because the regressor X_t-1 is correlated with past shocks, which violates the strict-exogeneity assumption OLS needs

Sign up free to see the explanation and track your rank →

More Quantitative Finance prob-stats practice

KomFi Academy — Stop doomscrolling. Get KomFi.

Turn wasted screen time into verifiable competence.

KomFi Academy is a curated training platform with 75,000+ practice questions, 26,500+ flashcards, on-demand video lectures, podcasts, and 4K slide decks across the topics serious professionals study: GMAT, LSAT, MCAT, SAT, Investment Banking, Private Equity (LBOs & PE math), Private Credit, Quantitative Finance, Financial Accounting, Asset- Backed Securities, Volume Profile Analysis, Order Flow Trading, Market Microstructure, Volume Spread Analysis, Elliott Wave Theory, Volume-Price Analysis, and Public Offering Frameworks.

What's inside

Topics

View pricing · Read testimonials