medium · SAT Reading & Writing

In her study of eighteenth-century maritime trade, historian Clara Solis examines the role of 'informal ledgers'—personal journals kept by sailors that recorded transactions omitted from official company logs.

Solis argues that these documents provide a more accurate picture of the era's black markets. For example, she cites the journal of a merchant clerk, Thomas Thorne, which lists the clandestine sale of spices in ports where the East India Company officially held a monopoly. Which choice best describes the function of the underlined sentence as a whole?

  1. It provides a specific instance to illustrate the broader claim made in the previous sentence.
  2. It summarizes the official trading regulations established by maritime authorities in the eighteenth century.
  3. It argues that Thomas Thorne was the most influential merchant clerk in the history of the East India Company.
  4. It suggests that sailors in the eighteenth century were unable to keep accurate records of their transactions.

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