medium · SAT Reading & Writing

Architectural historian Lydia Valez suggests that the Gothic Revival in nineteenth-century England was less an attempt to replicate the Middle Ages and more an expression of contemporary anxiety regarding the Industrial Revolution. By adopting the ornate, hand-crafted aesthetics of the medieval period, proponents of the style sought to assert the value of human labor in an era increasingly dominated by mechanized production.

Which choice best states the main idea of the text?

  1. Proponents of the Gothic Revival style utilized hand-crafted aesthetics to demonstrate the superiority of human labor over machines.
  2. Valez argues that the Gothic Revival served as a symbolic response to the social and economic changes brought about by industrialization.
  3. The Gothic Revival was the primary movement responsible for halting the spread of mechanized production in nineteenth-century England.
  4. Industrialization in the nineteenth century led to significant urban sprawl and a transition toward mechanized labor systems.

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