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In a study of the 'bystander effect,' psychologist Dr. Samuel Reed hypothesized that individuals are more likely to intervene in an emergency if they perceive themselves as having a unique skill relevant to the situation, even when many other people are present.
Which finding, if true, would most directly support Reed's hypothesis?
- The likelihood of a bystander helping decreased as the total number of people witnessing the emergency increased, regardless of the bystanders' backgrounds.
- Participants in the study reported feeling significantly more anxious and distressed when they witnessed an emergency in a crowded public space.
- Most people who have intervened in real-world emergencies stated that they acted purely on instinct without thinking about the risks involved.
- In a simulated medical emergency, bystanders who had recently completed a first-aid course were twice as likely to help as those who had no medical training.
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