hard · Volume Price Analysis
Price breaks above a well-tested resistance on a wide up bar with strong volume, then over the next two bars pulls back to retest the broken level. The retest bar is a narrow-spread down bar that holds exactly at old resistance and closes off its lows, but its volume is HIGH — comparable to the breakout bar. In Coulling VPA, the high volume on this otherwise-textbook successful retest most precisely signals:
- Hidden supply is still contesting the level, so the breakout is suspect despite the hold — a valid retest should occur on LOW volume
- A flawless retest, because price held the level and closed off its lows, and volume on a retest is irrelevant once support proves itself
- Immediate continuation is guaranteed, since high volume at support always represents fresh buyers stepping in to defend the breakout
- The breakout has already failed, because any high-volume bar at a former resistance level mechanically marks a return inside the range
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