hard · Volume Profile Analysis

What is the primary structural difference between a 'Buying Tail' in TPO Market Profile and a 'Low Volume Node' (LVN) at the bottom of a Volume Profile?

1. A tail is defined by time-period rejection (single prints), while an LVN is defined by the absence of transacted contracts/ticks.
2. A buying tail always occurs at the Value Area High, while an LVN occurs at the Value Area Low.
3. An LVN indicates institutional accumulation, whereas a buying tail indicates retail exhaustion.
4. They are functionally identical and simply different names for the same mathematical calculation.

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