medium · Enhanced ACT reading
Micro-Passage: In genetics, the founder effect occurs when a small group of individuals becomes isolated from a larger population. This subgroup carries only a fraction of the original population’s genetic variation. Consequently, as the subgroup grows, certain rare alleles may become much more common, while others may be lost entirely.
what is the cause of the shift in allele frequencies in the new population?
- Rare alleles always increase in frequency because they provide a significant survival advantage in new environments.
- High rates of mutation are required to ensure that rare alleles are completely eliminated from the isolated group.
- The limited genetic diversity present in the initial colonizing group determines the future makeup of the population.
- The isolated group must interbreed with the larger parent population to prevent the total loss of genetic variation.
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