medium · Enhanced ACT science
Consider the following table showing the properties of four elements in the same period of the periodic table:
| Element | Atomic Radius (pm) | Electronegativity |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Element 1 | 186 | 0.9 |
| Element 2 | 160 | 1.2 |
| Element 3 | 143 | 1.5 |
| Element 4 | 118 | 2.5 |
Based on these trends, which of the following is a valid conclusion about Element 4 compared to Element 1?
- Element 4 has a higher nuclear charge, attracting its valence electrons more strongly.
- Element 4 has more electron shells, resulting in a significantly greater atomic radius.
- Element 4 has a lower nuclear charge, which allows its atomic radius to expand further.
- Element 4 is more likely to lose electrons and form positive ions in chemical reactions.
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