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A gardener wanted to know whether a new mulch increases tomato yield. In Bed 1 he applied the new mulch and watered daily; in Bed 2 he used no mulch and watered every three days. At the end of the season, Bed 1 had produced more tomatoes than Bed 2.

What is the main flaw in the gardener's experimental design?

  1. He recorded tomato yield rather than measuring plant height
  2. Both the mulch and the watering frequency differed between beds
  3. He grew tomato plants instead of some faster-growing garden crop
  4. He did not track the daily air temperature within each bed

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