medium · Debt Capital Markets credit-ratings-risk

If a borrower is in compliance with their leverage covenant only because they added back 'one-time restructuring costs,' what is a key concern for a credit analyst?

  1. The firm will be compelled to retain still more restructuring consultants, whose advisory fees then push reported EBITDA even higher.
  2. The bondholders will sue the arranging bank for having permitted such a loose, permissive add-back definition of EBITDA in the deal.
  3. The 'quality of earnings' is low, and the borrower may struggle to meet the covenant in future quarters if those costs prove to be recurring.
  4. The tax authority will audit the company on the theory that one-time restructuring charges can never be treated as deductible business expenses at all.

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