medium · FRM Part 2 Liquidity & Treasury Risk

An institutional scenario describes a bank holding a massive position in a thinly traded emerging market bond. The position is 20 times the average daily volume (ADV) of the bond.

When calculating 'Liquidity-Adjusted VaR' (LVaR), which component is likely to be the most significant error if ignored?

  1. The 'ghost effect' from a past severe liquidity crisis still sitting inside the look-back window.
  2. The diversification benefit assumed between the bond's interest-rate risk and its own separate liquidity risk.
  3. Exogenous liquidity risk, since the bid-ask spread is typically wide for thinly traded emerging-market debt issues.
  4. Endogenous liquidity risk, as the liquidation of the position will move the market price against the bank.

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