medium · FRM Part 2 Market Risk

In a 99% VaR backtest over 250 days, the expected number of exceptions is 2.5.

If a model is rejected because it produces 0 exceptions, what is the rationale for this being considered a potential error?

  1. It is a violation of the subadditivity property required of a coherent VaR measure.
  2. It is a Type II error because the model is failing to identify any actual losses at all.
  3. Zero exceptions automatically trigger placement of the model in the Basel Red Zone.
  4. It may be a Type I error if the model is correct but simply experienced a lucky period.

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