hard · GMAT Verbal

While traditional models emphasize that slow-wave sleep (SWS) is the exclusive domain for declarative memory consolidation, recent research involving the amygdala suggests a more nuanced view. Studies indicate that when declarative memories carry significant emotional weight, they may preferentially consolidate during REM sleep rather than SWS. This suggests that the brain prioritizes the affective content of a memory over its structural type when determining the optimal neural environment for storage.

Based on the passage, which of the following inferences is best supported?

  1. The amygdala is inactive during slow-wave sleep.
  2. REM sleep is more critical for factual learning than SWS.
  3. An emotionally neutral fact is more apt to be consolidated during slow-wave sleep than an emotionally charged one of the same factual type.
  4. Structural memory type is the primary factor in all sleep-based consolidation.
  5. Emotional memories are consolidated more durably than neutral memories regardless of sleep stage.

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