hard · GMAT Verbal

A national survey found that among workers who changed jobs in the past year, those who negotiated their starting salary at the new job reported, on average, 12% higher pay than those who did not negotiate. A career coach concludes that any worker who negotiates their starting salary will end up earning at least 12% more than they would have without negotiating.

The career coach's reasoning is most vulnerable to criticism on the grounds that it

  1. assumes, without justification, that every worker who negotiates will negotiate successfully.
  2. treats an average gap between self-selected groups as a guaranteed individual result.
  3. fails to specify the exact dollar amount of the average salary increase.
  4. presumes that all workers who changed jobs in the past year were surveyed accurately.
  5. overlooks the possibility that some workers negotiated for benefits other than salary.

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