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medium · GMAT Verbal Reasoning

The recent transition to renewable energy sources has been hindered by the intermittent nature of solar and wind power. While battery technology is improving, current storage capacities remain insufficient for large-scale industrial needs. Some engineers argue that a diversified grid including nuclear power is the only viable short-term solution. However, environmental advocates express concern over the long-term management of radioactive waste.

What is the author's primary purpose in the passage?

  1. To urge that policymakers immediately commission a large new fleet of nuclear power plants across the entire country
  2. To survey the obstacles facing renewable energy and lay out the competing positions stakeholders hold on how to address them
  3. To blame environmental advocates for stubbornly obstructing the necessary diversification of the electrical power grid
  4. To detail the engineering process by which photovoltaic solar panels convert incoming sunlight into usable electric current
  5. To establish that battery storage technology will forever remain wholly incapable of satisfying heavy industrial demand at any scale

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