hard · GMAT Verbal
In the field of quantum biology, the phenomenon of coherence—where particles maintain a synchronized state—is hypothesized to facilitate near-instantaneous energy transfer in photosynthetic complexes. Standard chemical models previously attributed this efficiency to a 'random walk' of excitons, yet the speed of transfer observed in the Fenna-Matthews-Olson complex exceeds these classical predictions. However, maintaining coherence in a 'warm and wet' biological environment contradicts the decoherence expected at ambient temperatures. Recent simulations suggest that environmental noise may actually prevent the exciton from becoming trapped in local energy minima, thereby aiding rather than hindering the quantum process.
Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?
- A problem is stated, a proposed remedy fails, and the author calls for additional research.
- Two competing theories are presented, and the author concludes that both hold equally in different contexts.
- A widely accepted conclusion is defended against critics by reaffirming the original supporting evidence.
- An established explanation is undercut by new observations, and a counterintuitive mechanism is advanced to resolve the resulting paradox.
- A discovery is narrated, after which its harmful consequences for existing technology are examined.
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