medium · GMAT Verbal

A company's quarterly earnings report showed that while total sales volume increased by 20%, net profit decreased by 5%. The CEO explained that this was due to a massive 50% increase in the cost of raw materials. However, a competitor in the same industry, facing the same 50% increase in raw material costs, reported a 10% increase in net profit over the same period.

Which of the following, if true, most helps to resolve the apparent discrepancy between the two companies' profit outcomes?

  1. The competitor had recently deployed a highly automated manufacturing process that cut its labor costs by 30%, offsetting the rise in material costs.
  2. The competitor has long sold its various products at a slightly higher per-unit price point than the first company has historically charged its own customers.
  3. The first company chose to spend roughly 10% more on executive bonuses this year than it had paid out to its leaders in the prior fiscal year.
  4. Both companies source their raw materials from exactly the same set of global suppliers under broadly comparable long-term fixed-price contract terms.
  5. Raw materials make up a slightly smaller share of the first company's total annual production costs than they do of the competitor's cost base.

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