medium · GMAT Verbal

An analyst argues that silicon-carbide (SiC) chips will displace gallium-nitride (GaN) chips in electric-vehicle power inverters. Her evidence: in lab tests, SiC inverters lose less energy as heat than GaN inverters at the high voltages EV drivetrains use. Therefore, she concludes, automakers seeking maximum drivetrain efficiency will standardize on SiC.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the analyst's argument?

  1. GaN chips already dominate the inverters used in low-voltage consumer electronics, such as the compact fast chargers that ship with the vast majority of laptops and phones.
  2. At the high voltages used in EV drivetrains, the heat advantage of SiC over GaN that appears in lab tests largely disappears once each chip is packaged into a production inverter.
  3. SiC chips are at present substantially more expensive to manufacture than GaN chips of comparable voltage and current rating, raising the total cost of any inverter built around them.
  4. Some automakers place a higher priority on achieving very fast battery charging than on squeezing out peak drivetrain efficiency when selecting their inverter components.
  5. GaN inverters can switch on and off considerably more rapidly than SiC inverters can, a distinct property that the passage notes is wholly unrelated to how much heat each chip loses as waste.

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