medium · GMAT Verbal

Winds at 500 meters are stronger and steadier than those at the 100-meter hub height of conventional turbines. A developer notes that its tethered kites fly at 500 meters, where more wind energy is available, and concludes that its kite system will therefore generate electricity more cheaply per kilowatt-hour than ground-based turbines do.

Which of the following, if true, most weakens the developer's conclusion?

  1. Conventional ground-based turbines have been manufactured at very large scale for several decades, giving their established suppliers reliably low-cost, high-volume production lines.
  2. Wind speeds at the 500-meter altitude where the tethered kites fly tend to vary somewhat from one geographic region to another across the candidate sites under consideration.
  3. The kites require continual automated steering and frequent tether replacement, making their operating and maintenance costs per kilowatt-hour far higher than a turbine's.
  4. Some local communities have voiced strong objections to the visual appearance of the tall conventional turbines that have been installed near their homes and farmland.
  5. The tethered kites occupy noticeably less ground area at their anchor point than a conventional turbine of comparable rated generating capacity would require.

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