medium · MCAT bio-biochem
A psychiatrist is reviewing the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia.
Which of the following statements best characterizes the current scientific understanding of the neurobiological basis of this disorder?
- A progressive, selective degenerative loss of dopaminergic neurons within the substantia nigra pars compacta
- A uniform, global excess of dopamine occurring simultaneously and equally throughout every distinct brain region and pathway
- An autoimmune-mediated inflammatory process that specifically destroys dopamine D2 receptors located within the basal ganglia
- Dopamine dysregulation involving overactivity in the mesolimbic pathway and underactivity in the mesocortical pathway
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