hard · MCAT chem-phys
A galvanic cell is constructed with a Zn/Zn^2+ half-cell (E^circ = -0.76 V) and a Cu/Cu^2+ half-cell (E^circ = +0.34 V). The Zn^2+ concentration is held at 1.0 M, but the Cu^2+ concentration is diluted to 1.0×10^-4 M.
How does diluting the Cu^2+ concentration affect the cell potential relative to standard conditions?
- E_cell increases well above 1.10 ext V, since diluting the cathode-side ion raises reduction favorability.
- E_cell decreases below 1.10 V, since lowering a product-side ion drives the reaction forward.
- E_cell remains exactly 1.10 V, since standard potentials do not depend on concentration.
- E_cell decreases below 1.10 ext V, since Q rises and the Nernst correction term grows more negative.
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