medium · MCAT chem-phys

If the area of the loop represents 'stroke work,' which of the following changes would most significantly increase this area?

1. Decreasing heart rate while stroke volume stays constant across beats.
2. Raising both EDV and ESV equally (e.g., 20 mL), leaving SV unchanged.
3. Increasing end-diastolic volume while maintaining a constant end-systolic volume.
4. Lowering the aortic pressure the ventricle overcomes during the ejection phase of systole.

Sign up free to see the explanation and track your rank →