easy · MCAT chem-phys
Why does the atomic radius of elements generally increase as you move from top to bottom within a group on the periodic table?
- The nucleus becomes less dense, exerting a weaker gravitational pull on the electrons.
- The effective nuclear charge increases so significantly that it pushes the electrons outward.
- Electron-electron repulsion decreases down a group, allowing the atom to expand.
- The addition of new principal energy levels (shells) increases the distance between the nucleus and the outermost electrons.
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