hard · MCAT psych-soc
According to the Cannon-Bard theory of emotion, a person who sees a bear and simultaneously feels afraid and experiences a racing heart understands these as parallel, independent outputs of a single brain event.
Which finding, if observed, would most directly challenge the Cannon-Bard theory in favor of the James-Lange theory of emotion?
- Spinal-injury patients who cannot detect most bodily arousal report identical emotional intensity as intact individuals.
- Spinal-injury patients who cannot detect most bodily arousal report substantially blunted emotional intensity.
- Two different stimuli producing the same arousal pattern are experienced as the same emotion.
- Cognitive appraisal of an ambiguous arousal state determines which emotion is ultimately felt.
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