medium · Private Credit & Debt loan-structures-instruments

An investor is analyzing two private debt funds. Fund A holds only senior secured loans with maintenance covenants. Fund B holds 'Covenant-Lite' senior loans.

During a moderate recession, how would the 'Smoothing Effect' in Level 3 valuations likely affect the reported NAV of these funds?

  1. Reported NAV will lead public market price changes.
  2. Reported volatility will be lower than actual market volatility for both.
  3. Fund B will show higher volatility because it lacks covenants.
  4. Fund A will show lower volatility due to tighter covenants.

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