Restricted Probability with Dual Conditioning
GMAT glossary · Playbook
Definition
Rebuild the sample space after each successive "given that" before forming the fraction.
Restricted Probability with Dual Conditioning in plain English
Pull Restricted Probability with Dual Conditioning when probability after two successive "given that" shrinks. Clues include Given that, further given, conditional on two facts. Blueprint: Rebuild the universe after the first condition, then again after the second. Favorable sits inside the twice-shrunk space. Why it beats the long way: Using the original universe after two givens ignores both restrictions. Micro-example: Deck: P(ace | face card was already removed) rebuilds the deck as 51 cards with 4 aces still in, then if a second given removes another non-ace, the denominator shrinks again before you form the fraction.
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