medium · FRM Part 2 Credit Risk

An analyst calculates a 5-year cumulative PD by raising a 1-year transition matrix to the 5th power: M^5.

If the underlying rating system is strictly Point-in-Time (PIT), how will the resulting cumulative PD likely behave over a full business cycle compared to a system using Through-the-Cycle (TTC) ratings?

  1. The PIT-based cumulative PD will exhibit much higher volatility and procyclicality, overstating long-term risk in a recession.
  2. The two approaches will converge to the same 5-year PD because the Markov property enforces long-run mean reversion to the same steady state.
  3. The PIT-based cumulative PD will be more stable because the matrix already incorporates the current macro-economic state.
  4. The TTC-based cumulative PD will always be higher because it is calibrated to a 'downturn' scenario by definition.

Sign up free to see the explanation and track your rank →

More FRM Part 2 Credit Risk practice

KomFi: Test Prep Made Easy

KomFi: Test Prep Made Easy — free adaptive practice for GMAT, GRE, SAT, ACT, National Real Estate Exam, Investment Banking, and finance with full explanations.

KomFi Academy is free GMAT prep and personalized GMAT help built as a training platform: 77,800+ practice questions, 26,500+ flashcards, on-demand video lectures, podcasts, and 4K slide decks. Flagship tracks: Free GMAT Prep, Free GMAT Resources, National Real Estate Exam Prep, Investment Banking Prep, Finance Prep, GRE, SAT, ACT, LSAT, MCAT, Financial Accounting, Private Equity, Private Credit, and Quantitative Finance.

Free GMAT Prep & Personalized GMAT Help

What's inside

Topics

View pricing · Read testimonials