easy · GMAT Verbal

Passage: Silicon-based photovoltaic cells remain the industry standard for solar energy production due to their established durability. Recently, however, perovskite crystals have emerged as a high-efficiency alternative with significantly lower manufacturing costs. While silicon panels typically last for over twenty years, perovskite cells currently degrade much faster when exposed to moisture and heat. Researchers are now prioritizing the development of chemical stabilizers to enhance the longevity of these promising new materials.

Which of the following best expresses the primary purpose of the passage?

  1. To explain the chemical process by which perovskite crystals convert sunlight into electrical energy.
  2. To demonstrate that moisture and heat have no long-term effect on the efficiency of silicon solar panels.
  3. To describe a new technology and the specific challenges that must be overcome for its widespread adoption.
  4. To argue that silicon-based solar cells should be replaced by more efficient alternatives immediately.
  5. To trace the historical evolution of solar energy production from its earliest origins to the present day.

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