medium · GMAT Verbal

A clinical trial for a new headache medication found that 80% of participants who took the drug reported relief. The researchers concluded that the drug is effective.

Which of the following is an assumption underlying the researchers' conclusion?

  1. The reported relief was not, for most participants, attributable simply to the placebo effect of being treated.
  2. The newly developed headache drug is considerably more expensive for patients to obtain than the existing medications.
  3. Headaches happen to be by far the most common medical complaint reported by people living in the region.
  4. All of the participants who enrolled in the clinical trial happened to suffer from exactly the same type of headache.
  5. The drug reliably relieves every conceivable kind of bodily pain a patient might feel, not headaches alone.

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