medium · GMAT Verbal

Advocates argue tidal-stream turbines offer baseload-grade predictability because tides follow exact astronomical schedules. Yet a turbine's actual output depends on water speed, which storms and seasonal river runoff can alter independently of the tide timetable. Regulators define baseload power as output guaranteed in magnitude, not merely in timing.

Which of these statements most strongly support which of the following inferences?

  1. Compared with other renewable energy sources, tidal-stream turbines cause noticeably less ecological harm overall.
  2. Predictable timing of the tides is not by itself sufficient to establish that a tidal turbine supplies baseload power as regulators define it.
  3. Because of storms and seasonal river runoff, the actual output of tidal-stream turbines is entirely unpredictable from one hour to the next.
  4. Under any regulatory standard that currently exists, tidal-stream turbines simply cannot ever qualify as a genuine source of baseload power.
  5. The exact astronomical tide schedules turn out to be substantially less reliable than the turbines' advocates have claimed they are.

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