hard · GRE Verbal
A city implemented a 'Green Roof' ordinance requiring all new commercial buildings to be covered in vegetation to reduce the urban heat island effect. Five years later, the average temperature in the city's business district was found to be 2^circF higher than it was before the ordinance.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to resolve the paradox?
- The ordinance coincided with a massive construction boom that replaced many reflective, light-colored parking lots with dark-colored, heat-absorbing buildings.
- Green roofs are known to retain large volumes of rainwater during storms, which meaningfully reduces the burden on the city's drains and eases local flooding.
- The recurring cost of watering, fertilizing, and maintaining the rooftop vegetation turned out far higher than most building owners had originally budgeted for.
- Rural areas beyond the ordinance's reach saw their own average temperature climb by about half a degree Fahrenheit over the same five-year period.
- The city used a newer, more accurate digital thermometer to gauge the district's temperature than the older instrument it had relied on five years earlier.
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