medium · MCAT bio-biochem
In a clinical trial for a novel diuretic, researchers report a statistically significant reduction in systolic blood pressure (p < 0.05) across a sample of 15,000 participants. However, the mean reduction was only 1.2 mmHg.
How should a clinician interpret these findings regarding clinical significance?
- Clinical significance is guaranteed whenever the null hypothesis is rejected at the α = 0.05 level.
- The p-value indicates a 95% probability that the drug will successfully treat hypertension in any given patient.
- The drug is clinically significant because the large sample size ensures high statistical power.
- The result is statistically significant but likely lacks clinical significance due to the small effect size.
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