hard · SAT Reading & Writing

Text 1: Many urban planners advocate for 'mixed-use' zoning, which combines residential, commercial, and industrial spaces in a single neighborhood. Proponents argue that this model reduces dependence on automobiles, as residents can walk to work and shops, thereby decreasing carbon emissions and fostering local community. Text 2: The purported environmental benefits of mixed-use zoning are often negated by the 'last-mile' logistics problem. While residents may walk more, the high density of commercial businesses in residential areas leads to a significant increase in heavy delivery vehicle traffic. These vehicles, which often idle in narrow streets, can produce more localized pollution than the passenger cars they were intended to replace.

Based on the texts, how would the author of Text 2 most likely respond to the claim in Text 1 regarding carbon emissions?

  1. By asserting that residents in mixed-use zones do not actually walk to shops as much as planners predict.
  2. By arguing that delivery-traffic emissions might offset the reductions achieved by walking residents.
  3. By claiming that urban planners should prioritize industrial development over residential housing.
  4. By suggesting that passenger cars are actually more environmentally friendly than delivery vehicles.

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