In her study of 'narrative empathy,' literary theorist Suzanne Keen explores whether reading fiction can actually increase a person's altruistic behavior in the real world. Keen notes that while readers often report feeling deep emotional connections to fictional characters, there is little empirical evidence to suggest that these feelings ______ to concrete actions once the book is closed. This gap between 'feeling for' a character and 'acting for' a neighbor remains a central challenge for proponents of bibliotherapy.