hard · LSAT Logical Reasoning

Alvarez: Since the new downtown bike lanes opened, traffic congestion has fallen sharply. The lanes have clearly eased congestion by giving commuters an alternative to driving. Boyd: Congestion has indeed dropped, but not because of the bike lanes. A major employer shut its downtown office the very week the lanes opened, removing thousands of car commuters at a stroke; the lanes themselves made no difference.

Alvarez's reasoning is most vulnerable to criticism because it

  1. presumes that the employer closed its office because the bike lanes opened
  2. infers that the bike lanes caused the congestion decline from temporal association without ruling out the simultaneous removal of thousands of commuters
  3. fails to show that congestion declined in any neighborhood outside downtown
  4. treats a fall in congestion as proof that total traffic accidents also declined
  5. assumes that every commuter using the new downtown bike lanes previously drove a car downtown and that none previously walked, used public transit, or cycled on an unprotected street

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